Adras - (Persian - white fabric, striped floral fabric) cloth made of natural silk and thick thread called arqoq on the back. Because the pattern is two-sided, it is called duroya in some places. Due to the fact that the thread of arqoq is thicker, special patterns are formed on the surface of the cloth. As a result of special weaving, one side of a high-quality adras is smooth as satin, and the other side gleams. The pattern is formed in abr style, using such colours as yellow, blue, pink and red. Until the 1920s, it had been made in Margilon, Khojand, Bukhara, Samarkand and other places, and was sold not only in Central Asian markets, but also in neighboring countries such as Afghanistan and China. Adras was common among Uzbek people and was used for women's clothing, as well as for chopon, koʻrpa and koʻrpachas. Adras to‘n - is a antional robe with lining made of Adras. (source: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. First volume. Tashkent, 2000)Many people think that the patterns on the adras are printed on the ready fabric. But it is not true. Cotton and silk threads are first dipped in dye, and only then the fabric is spun by hand. Fabric colors and patterns may vary, it all depends on the master's inspiration or the idea for a particular product. Adras has not only simple herringbone patterns, but also more complex and abstract shapes. Drawings do not have to be symmetrical at all. If the pattern is very flat, it is probably not handmade. Compared to fabric made in a factory, handmade adras is several times more expensive and, accordingly, in a higher quality.Why Adras?Adras is a very affordable and useful fabric. Firstly, this cloth is comfortable to use on every day basis.It is not only very pleasant to the body, but also insanely beautiful. Adras keeps you cool in the heat and warm in the cold. Secondly, it is modern. You can experiment with colors and patterns, and the fabric itself matches with any kind of clothes and accessories. Thirdly, it is environmentally friendly. Made of natural materials, adras retains its strength and quality of color for a long time.The meaning of the word Abr is defined as cloud. It is a well known fact, that the production of Abr fabrics was developed in the 19thcentury BC. (source: Shukurov F.J. Analysis of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Adras Tissue. Tashkent-2016).On December 8, 2017, the Margilan Craft Development Center was officially included in the UNESCO Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The decision was made at the 12thsession of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, which was held on Jeju Island, South Korea. This is the first object of Uzbekistan included in the UNESCO list in this category. (<a download="https://ich.unesco.org/en/BSP/margilan-crafts-development-centre-safeguarding-of-the-atlas-and-adras-making-traditional-technologies-01254" target="_blank" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/BSP/margilan-crafts-development-centre-safeguarding-of-the-atlas-and-adras-making-traditional-technologies-01254">https://ich.unesco.org/en/BSP/margilan-crafts-development-centre-safeguarding-of-the-atlas-and-adras-making-traditional-technologies-01254</a>)AdrasCenterLocated on the Great Silk Road caravan routes, Margilon was an important place for trade and cultural exchange. Since the 3rdcentury AD, the city's artisans have been producing silk fabrics that were delivered to various countries of Europe and Asia by merchants.At the beginning of the 20thcentury, the textile industry began to develop rapidly, large factories, plants and companies replaced traditional crafts. The local population engaged in handicrafts appealed to the city and local administrations with the proposal to establish a handicraft center. In 2007, when the 2000th anniversary of Margilan was celebrated, this idea was implemented with the support of UNESCO and the Government of Uzbekistan. Today's mission of the center is to restore and protect traditions that are in danger of disappearing. The center has united more than 500 craftsmen: dyers, weavers and designers so far. Producing adras is not so easy - it is a complex multi-stage process, and today about 3000 people, including the families of artisans and their apprentices, are engaged in this type of handicraft. Families create an active chain of production steps: from rearing silkworms to the final product.Adras in the World of FashionThe beauty of Uzbek national fabrics was highly appreciated by world-famous couturiers. Adras motifs appeared in the collection of the famous fashion designer Oscar de la Renta in 2005. Oriental patterns of dresses have impressed both Hollywood stars and fashionistas. The diversity of Adras allowed talented designers to create the most unusual stylistic solutions in colors, cuts and styles. This collection of de la Renta was supported by fashion designers such as Louis Vuitton's creative director Nicolas Ghesquière, Belgian designer Dries Van Noten, Christian Dior's genius John Galliano. Even mass market brands such as H&amp;M, Forever 21, Zara, Michael Kors have presented their collections using patterns from Uzbek fabrics. (source: <a download="https://themag.uz/post/atlas-i-adras-v-spiske-unesco" target="_blank" href="https://themag.uz/post/atlas-i-adras-v-spiske-unesco">https://themag.uz/post/atlas-i-adras-v-spiske-unesco</a>)

Adras – tanda ipi tabiiy ipakdan, arqog‘i qalin ipdan to‘qilgan gazlama. Guli ikki tomonlama bo‘lganligi uchun ayrim joylarda duruya deb ataladi. Arqoq ipi yo‘g‘onroq bo‘lganligi uchun gazlama yuzasida ko‘ndalang chiviqlar hosil bo‘ladi. Kudunglanish natijasida yuqori navli adrasning bir tomoni <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(mato)">atlas</a>day silliq bo‘lib, ikkinchi tomoni tovlanib turadi. Gullari abr usulida bo‘lib, sariq, ko‘k, pushti, qizil ranglar qo‘llanilgan. 1920-yillargacha <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marg%CA%BBilon">Marg‘ilon</a>, Xo‘jand, Buxoro, Samarqand va boshqa joylarda to‘qilib, <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBrta_Osiyo">O‘rta Osiyo</a> bozorlaridan tashqari <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afg%CA%BBoniston">Afg‘oniston</a>, Xitoy kabi qo‘shni mamlakatlarda ham sotilgan. Adras o‘zbek xalqi hayotida keng tarqalgan bo‘lib, ayollarning kiyim-kechaklari, shuningdek, chopon, ko‘rpa va ko‘rpachalar tikishda ishlatilgan.

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